Archive for microbial life

Mars Rover Curiosity: NASA Prepares For Launch Of Mars Science Laboratory …

The day after Thanksgiving, the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL), NASA’s car-sized, nuclear-powered rover called Curiosity, will blast off for a nine-month journey to the Red Planet.

When it lands next August, after traveling 354 million-miles, the MSL will spend nearly two years analyzing rock samples and exploring the Martian surface for signs that microbial life may have once existed.

“This is a Mars scientist’s dream machine,” Ashwin Vasavada, MSL deputy project scientist at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory said, according to AFP. “This is the most capable scientific explorer we have ever sent out…We are super excited.”

According to NASA, Curiosity is about twice as long and five times as heavy as the Opportunity and Spirit, the twin Mars rovers that NASA launched in 2003. But unlike the Opportunity and Spirit, the Curiosity is equipped with tools to gather and analyze samples from the Martian surface and ground.

The six-wheeled craft will be able to maneuver over obstacles that are more than two-feet high and travel about 600 feet per day. The Spirit and Opportunity were solar-powered, but Curiosity runs on a plutonium-powered battery.

“It requires a fancy power supply in order to do the job,” Dr. Pam Conrad, deputy principal investigator for Mars Science Laboratory said in a statement. “This enables us to make measurements all day, every day, at night, in the winter.”

The Mars Science Laboratory, which Reuters reports cost $2.5 billion, is currently in a payload fairing atop an Atlas V rocket. Although the launch is scheduled for November 25 at 10:21 a.m. EST, weather or other factors could delay it, so the launch window extends to December 18.

From USA Today::

It will land in unprecedented fashion, first using a braking heat shield, then high-speed parachute and finally a rocket-powered “sky crane” to safely deposit the rover on the martian surface. “It is clearly not risk-free,” says Peter Theisinger, mission chief of NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) in Pasadena, Calif.

A NASA video, available above, shows a simulation of the rover landing and working on Mars.

The rover will land near the base of a 3-mile high mountain inside the Gale crater.

“Gale gives us a superb opportunity to test multiple potentially habitable environments and the context to understand a very long record of early environmental evolution of the planet,” John Grotzinger, project scientist for the Mars Science Laboratory said in a statement. “The portion of the crater where Curiosity will land has an alluvial fan likely formed by water-carried sediments. Layers at the base of the mountain contain clays and sulfates, both known to form in water.”

NASA has since lost contact with the Spirit, but the Opportunity is continuing to study while spending the winter on the rim of Endeavour Crater.

LOOK: Pictures of the Mars Science Laboratory, also known as the Curiosity Rover:


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Article source: http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/11/16/mars-rover-curiosity-nasa_n_1097949.html

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NASA Invites 150 Lucky Twitter Followers To Launch of Mars Rover

/PRNewswire-USNewswire/ — NASA has invited 150 followers of the agency’s Twitter account to a two-day launch Tweetup on Nov. 23 and 25 at the agency’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida.

(Logo: http://photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20081007/38461LOGO)

The Tweetup is expected to culminate in the launch of the Mars Science Laboratory’s Curiosity rover aboard an Atlas V rocket from nearby Cape Canaveral Air Force Station.

The launch window is scheduled to open at 10:25 a.m. EST on Nov. 25. Curiosity’s arrival at Mars is anticipated in August 2012 near Gale Crater. During the nearly two-year prime mission, the rover will investigate whether a selected area of Mars offered environmental conditions favorable for microbial life and preserved that evidence, if it existed.

Tweetup participants were selected from more than 1,050 people who registered online. They will share their Tweetup experiences with their followers through the social networking site Twitter.

Participants represent the United States, Australia, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, France, Germany, Ireland, Spain and the United Kingdom. Attendees from the U.S. come from the District of Columbia and 37 states: Alabama, Arizona, California, Connecticut, Florida, Georgia, Hawaii, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Oregon, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Virginia, Washington and Wisconsin.

Beginning at 11 a.m. on Wednesday, Nov. 23, NASA will broadcast a portion of the Tweetup when attendees talk with Jim Green, Planetary Science division director, and Doug McCuistion, Mars Exploration program director, both at NASA Headquarters in Washington. Engineers from NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., where the rover was designed and built will speak, as will mission scientists. To watch the broadcast, visit: http://www.ustream.tv/channel/nasa-tweetup

Participants also will tour Kennedy and Cape Canaveral, including a close-up visit to the launch pad. On launch day, they will speak with NASA Administrator Charles Bolden; Leland Melvin, NASA’s assistant administrator for education; astronaut Doug Wheelock and Bill Nye the Science Guy.

Reporters credentialed to cover the launch also may cover the NASA Tweetup at Kennedy’s press site. Reporters interested in interviewing Tweetup attendees in advance should contact Stephanie Schierholz at 202-358-1100 or stephanie.schierholz@nasa.gov.

NASA has invited its Twitter followers to attend eight previous launches: NASA’s newest Earth-observing satellite, NPP; the twin GRAIL spacecraft bound for the moon; the Juno spacecraft on its way to Jupiter; and five space shuttle missions.

To follow participants on Twitter as they experience the prelaunch events and Curiosity’s liftoff, follow the #NASATweetup hashtag and the list of attendees at: https://twitter.com/NASATweetup/mars-curiosity

JPL manages the mission. NASA’s Launch Services Program at Kennedy is managing the launch.

For more information about the Mars Curiosity rover, visit: http://www.nasa.gov/msl

Interact with the mission via Twitter and Facebook accounts at: http://Twitter.com/MarsCuriosity  http://Facebook.com/MarsCuriosity

To connect with NASA on Twitter and other social networking sites, visit: http://www.nasa.gov/connect

SOURCE NASA

Article source: http://www.sacbee.com/2011/11/16/4059047/nasa-invites-150-lucky-twitter.html

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NASA readies Curiosity Mars rover for launch

Nasa is making final preparations for the launch of the agency’s largest ever Mars-bound rover.

The Curiosity rover, which is five times bigger than its predecessors Spirit and Opportunity, is due to launch from Cape Canavarel between 25 November and 18 December, Nasa announced on Thursday.

“The spacecraft will arrive at Mars in August 2012,” Nasa wrote in a statement. “Curiosity has ten science instruments to search for evidence about whether Mars had environments favourable for microbial life, including the chemical ingredients for life.”

Curiosity is equipped with imaging, x-ray, laser and monitoring instruments to help it analyse the world around it. It will be lowered to the surface of Mars by a Nasa-designed Sky Crane.

The rover will land near the base of a mountain inside the Gale crater. The spot has a fan-shaped pattern, which is typically formed by water-carried sediments.

Curiosity will communicate with Earth via radio relays using the various Mars orbiters. It will be powered by a radioisotope power generator that has an operating lifespan of around 687 days.

Article source: http://www.zdnet.co.uk/blogs/mapping-babel-10017967/nasa-readies-curiosity-mars-rover-for-launch-10024779/

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Mars rover headed to launch pad next week

NASA’s flagship Mars rover was encased in a protective aerodynamic shell this week in preparation for its move to the launch pad next week.

The Mars Science Laboratory, nicknamed Curiosity, is targeted to blast off at 10:25 a.m. Nov. 25 — the day after Thanksgiving — from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station atop an Atlas V rocket.

The compact car-sized rover, the biggest yet bound for the Red Planet, is scheduled to be hoisted on a transporter Tuesday and rolled from Kennedy Space Center’s Payload Hazardous Servicing Facility to Launch Complex 41 overnight Wednesday.

Curiosity’s 10 science instruments will search for evidence about whether Mars has had environments favorable for microbial life, including chemical ingredients for life.

The mission’s launch window extends to Dec. 18, after which the right planetary alignment wouldn’t come around again for two years. If launched successfully, the rover would be expected to land on Mars next August to begin two years of science research.

The total cost to develop and operate the mission is estimated at $2.5 billion.

IMAGES: In the Payload Hazardous Servicing Facility at Kennedy Space Center on Oct. 25, preparations were under way to enclose NASA’s Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) in an Atlas V rocket payload fairing. The blocks on the interior of the fairing are components of the fairing acoustic protection (FAP) system, designed to protect the payload by dampening the sound created by the rocket during liftoff. The fairing will protect the spacecraft from the impact of aerodynamic pressure and heating during ascent. Credit: NASA/Jim Grossmann

Article source: http://space.flatoday.net/2011/10/mars-rover-headed-to-launch-pad-next.html

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Assembling Curiosity’s Rocket to Mars

Assembly of the powerful Atlas V booster that will rocket NASA’s Curiosity Mars Science Laboratory rover to Mars is nearly complete. The Atlas V is taking shape inside the Vertical Integration Facility at Space Launch Complex 41 at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida.

The rocket is built by United Launch Alliance under contract to NASA as part of NASA’s Launch Services Program to loft science satellites on expendable rockets.

Blastoff of Curiosity remains on schedule for Nov. 25, 2011, the day after the Thanksgiving holiday in the U.S. The launch window for a favorable orbital alignment to Mars remains open until Dec. 18 after which the mission would face a 26 month delay at a cost likely to be in the hundreds of millions of dollars.

Curiosity is set to touchdown on Mars at Gale Crater between August 6 & August 20, 2012. The compact car sized rover is equipped with 10 science instruments that will search for signs of habitats that could potentially support martian microbial life, past or present if it ever existed.

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NASA to Invite Twitter Followers to Mars Mission Launch


September 29, 2011 |
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150 Of NASA’s Twitter Followers Will Be Invited To attend Mars Rover Launch

NASA - National Aeronautics and Space Administration

An Atlas V Rocket launching from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida

An Atlas V Rocket launching from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida

Washington, DC – Curiosity’s arrival at the Red Planet is anticipated in August 2012 at Gale crater. During the two-year prime mission, the rover will investigate whether a selected area of Mars offered environmental conditions favorable for microbial life and for preserving evidence about life if it existed.

Mars Science Laboratory is the fourth space mission launching this year managed by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, CA. The first three are Aquarius, launched June 10th to study ocean salinity; Juno, launched August 5th to study the origins and interior of Jupiter; and the twin GRAIL orbiters, which departed for the moon on September 10th.

Launch management for the mission is the responsibility of NASA’s Launch Services Program at Kennedy Space Center in Florida.

Tweetup registration opens at noon on Wednesday, October 5th, and closes at noon on Friday, October 7th. NASA will randomly select 150 participants from online registrations.

For more information and rules about the Tweetup and registration, visit:  www.nasa.gov/tweetup.

For information about connecting and collaborating with NASA, visit: www.nasa.gov/connect.

For information about the mission, visit: www.nasa.gov/msl and http://mars.jpl.nasa.gov/msl/

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Article source: http://www.clarksvilleonline.com/2011/09/29/nasa-to-invite-twitter-followers-to-mars-mission-launch/

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150 of NASA’s Twitter Followers Will Be Invited to Mars Rover Launch

/PRNewswire-USNewswire/ — NASA will host a two-day launch Tweetup for 150 of its Twitter followers on Nov. 23 and 25 at the agency’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida. The Tweetup is expected to culminate in the launch of the Mars Science Laboratory Curiosity rover aboard a United Launch Alliance Atlas V 541 from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. The launch window is scheduled to open at 10:21 a.m. EST on Nov. 25.

(Logo: http://photos.prnewswire.com/prnh/20081007/38461LOGO)

The Tweetup will provide NASA’s social media followers with the opportunity to tour Kennedy Space Center; speak with scientists and engineers; and, if all goes as scheduled, view the spacecraft launch. The event also will provide participants the opportunity to meet fellow tweeps and members of NASA’s social media team.

Curiosity’s arrival at the Red Planet is anticipated in August 2012 at Gale crater. During the two-year prime mission, the rover will investigate whether a selected area of Mars offered environmental conditions favorable for microbial life and for preserving evidence about life if it existed.

Mars Science Laboratory is the fourth space mission launching this year managed by NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif. The first three are Aquarius, launched June 10 to study ocean salinity; Juno, launched Aug. 5 to study the origins and interior of Jupiter; and the twin GRAIL orbiters, which departed for the moon on Sept. 10.

Launch management for the mission is the responsibility of NASA’s Launch Services Program at Kennedy Space Center in Florida.

Tweetup registration opens at noon on Wed, Oct. 5, and closes at noon on Fri., Oct. 7. NASA will randomly select 150 participants from online registrations.

For more information and rules about the Tweetup and registration, visit:

http://www.nasa.gov/tweetup

For information about connecting and collaborating with NASA, visit:

http://www.nasa.gov/connect

For information about the mission, visit:

http://www.nasa.gov/msl

and

http://mars.jpl.nasa.gov/msl/

SOURCE NASA

Article source: http://www.sacbee.com/2011/09/28/3945859/150-of-nasas-twitter-followers.html

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Opportunity Rover Finds Rock Never Seen Before on Mars

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“This is different from any rock ever seen on Mars,” said Steve Squyres, principal investigator for Opportunity at Cornell University in Ithaca, N.Y. “It has a composition similar to some volcanic rocks, but there’s much more zinc and bromine than we’ve typically seen. We are getting confirmation that reaching Endeavour really has given us the equivalent of a second landing site for Opportunity.”

The diversity of fragments in Tisdale 2 could be a prelude to other minerals Opportunity might find at Endeavour. In the past two weeks, researchers have used an instrument on the rover’s robotic arm to identify elements at several spots on Tisdale 2.

Discontinuous ridges are all that remains of the ancient crater’s rim. The ridge at the section of the rim where Opportunity arrived is named “Cape York.” A gap between Cape York and the next rim fragment to the south is called “Botany Bay.”

Opportunity and its rover twin, Spirit, completed three-month prime missions in April 2004 and continued working for years of extended missions. Both have made important discoveries about wet environments on ancient Mars that may have been favorable for supporting microbial life. Spirit ended communications in March 2010, but Opportunity continues to send data.

“We have a very senior rover in good health for having already worked 30 times longer than planned,” said John Callas, project manager for Opportunity at NASA‘s Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif.

But Callas warned, “At any time, we could lose a critical component on an essential rover system, and the mission would be over. Or, we might still be using this rover’s capabilities beneficially for years. There are miles of exciting geology to explore at Endeavour crater.”

With in-situ work finishing at Tinsdale 2, Opportunity will next be directed to drive away and head to the northeast where the iron magnesium steatite clays are seen from orbit.

Opportunity is a six-wheeled, solar-powered robot measuring about 4.9 feet high, 7.5 feet wide and weighing 400 pounds. The robot’s solar arrays generate about 140 watts for up to four hours per Martian day (sol) while rechargeable lithium ion batteries store energy for use at night.

Communications from the robot depend on two antennas — high-gain and low-gain — both in direct contact with Earth. A low gain antenna is also used to relay data to spacecraft orbiting Mars.

Opportunity’s total odometry, which indicates how far a robot is traveled, is 20.83 miles (33,525.68 meters, or 33.53 kilometers).

Meanwhile, NASA is expected to launch its next-generation Mars rover, Curiosity, between Nov. 25 and Dec. 18. The $2.5 billion rover, which would land on Mars in August 2012, is considered as one of the most advanced rovers yet.

JPL manages the Mars Exploration Rover Project for NASA’s Science Mission Directorate in Washington.

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Article source: http://www.ibtimes.com/articles/207517/20110902/nasa-mars-rover-opportunity-space-mars-rover-planet-opportunity-rover-commodities-rock.htm

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NASA’s Mars Rover Explores Chester Lake

This view of Chester Lake combines images taken through three different filters by Opportunity's panoramic camera (Pancam) and is presented in false color to emphasize differences among materials in the rock and soil. The component images were taken during the 2,709th Martian day, or sol, of Opportunity's work on Mars (Sept. 7, 2011).  Image NASA/JPL-Caltech/Cornell/ASU

NASA’s Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity has commenced its inspection of a rock called “Chester Lake”, the second Red Planet rock the rover has examined since reaching its long-term destination, the rim of vast Endeavour crater, in August.

Unlike the first rock, which was a boulder tossed by excavation of a small crater on Endeavour’s rim, Chester Lake is an outcrop of bedrock.

The rocks at Endeavour apparently come from an earlier period of Martian history than the rocks that Opportunity examined during its first seven-and-a-half years on Mars.

Chester Lake is about 3 feet (1 meter) across. It lies on the inboard (southeastern) side of a low ridge, “Cape York,” which forms a portion of the western rim of Endeavour crater. Rover team scientists chose it for inspection because it is in-place bedrock that appears to be representative of a region of outcrops on the inboard side of Cape York.

Opportunity and its rover twin, Spirit, completed their three-month prime missions on Mars in April 2004. Both rovers continued for years of bonus, extended missions. Both have made important discoveries about wet environments on ancient Mars that may have been favourable for supporting microbial life. Spirit stopped communicating in 2010. NASA will launch the next-generation Mars rover, car-size Curiosity, this autumn for arrival at Mars’ Gale crater in August 2012.

More information about the ongoing exploration of Endeavour’s rim can be found here.

The robotic arm of NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity casts a shadow on a rock outcrop called Chester Lake in this image taken by the rover's front hazard-avoidance camera. The image was taken during the 2,710th Martian day, or sol, of Opportunity's work on Mars (Sept. 8, 2011). Image NASA/JPL-Caltech

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Article source: http://www.irishweatheronline.com/news/space/planetary/nasas-mars-rover-explores-chester-lake/38293.html

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NASA’s Rover Examines Second Rock at Mars’ Endeavour Crater [PHOTOS]

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Photos: NASA’s Rover Examines Second Rock at Mars’ Endeavour Crater [PHOTOS]

By IBTimes Staff Reporter | Sep 15, 2011 02:56 AM EDT

While on its mission to study rocks on Mars to get clues to possible ancient water, NASA’s Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity is examining its second rock since landing reaching the Endeavour crater, in August.

The second rock, called “Chester Lake,” is an outcrop of bedrock while the first rock was a boulder ejected by excavation of a small crater, Odyssey, on Endeavour’s rim, NASA said in a statement on Wednesday.

Unlike the first rock, nicknamed Tisdale 2, which is about 12 inches (30 centimeters) tall, Chester Lake is about 3 feet (1 meter) across.

Launched on Aug. 12, 2005, NASA’s Mars Exploration Orbiter and its two rovers, Opportunity and Spirit, have detected clay minerals at Endeavour crater, indicating an early wet environment favorable for microbial life.

NASA scientists said they will “reconstruct the chemistry, mineralogy and geologic setting of Chester Lake, including evidence about whether or not the rock has any clay minerals in its composition.”

Opportunity arrived at the rim of Endeavour crater on Aug. 9, 2011, three years after departing from its previous site, Victoria crater, to examine rocks believed to contain clay minerals.

The rocks at the Endeavour crater are believed to be much more ancient than those studied before.

“The rocks at Endeavour apparently come from an earlier period of Martian history than the rocks that Opportunity examined during its first seven-and-a-half years on Mars,” NASA said referring to the two rocks being inspected by Opportunity on the Endeavour rim.

Several signs that water flowed on Mars have been discovered in the recent past. Scientists speculate that water may have supported microbial life on the Red Planet.

As Opportunity continues its operations to find clues to wet environments on ancient Mars at the Endeavour crater, have a look at the pictures of the two rocks, Tisdale 2 and Chester Lake, released by NASA.

Also View:

Latest Pictures: Planet Mars You Never Saw Before
Top 10 Past Findings that Suggested Evidence of Water on Mars (PHOTOS)

http://www.ibtimes.com/articles/214180/20110915/nasa-s-rover-examines-second-rock-at-mars-endeavour-crater-photos-nasa-s-mars-exploration-rover-oppo.htm

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